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Organic Herbs::Culinary Herbs - Organic Parsley::Eagle Parsley Root (Out of Stock)
Organic Turnips & Rutabagas - Growing and Seed Saving InfoPrintable version of this page
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Types of Turnips and Rutabegas
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Turnips and Rutabagas (Brassica
rapa and Brassica napus) are cool season biennials in the Brassicaiceae family, which includes
broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, collards, kale, kohlrabi,
turnips, mustards, watercress and horseradish.
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Soil and
Nutrient Requirements
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Turnips
and Rutabegas can tolerate slightly alkaline soil, preferring the range 6.0
-7.5. Deep, loose, well drained fertile soil with moderate nitrogen levels is
best.
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Position
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Full sun,
or part shade
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Seeding Depth
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Planting
instructions are from direct seeding. Planting depth: 3/4";
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Plant Spacing
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Seed
spacing: for turnip 8 sds/ft, for rutabaga 6 sds/ft; Plant spacing: for
turnip 2-4" , for rutabaga 6";
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Row Spacing
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Row
spacing: for turnip 12-18, for rutabaga 18-24”.
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When to Sow
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Turnips
can be grown all season long but perform best in cool fall conditions.
Rutabagas are sown in the summer for fall harvests. Seeds will germinate from
45-85 degrees.
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Frost Tolerant
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Yes
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Drought Tolerant
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No.
Turnips need plentiful, consistent moisture.
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Heat Tolerant
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No
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Seed Specs
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Turnips-
11M sds/oz avg, 175M sds/lb avg. Rutabagas- 11M sds/oz avg, 175M sds/lb avg.
M=1,000
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Seeding Rate
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Turnips-
~1900 sds/100’ double row, ~255M sds/acre seeding 8sds/ft, for a final 4” avg
plant spacing, 18” row spacing. Rutabagas- ~1400 sds/100’ double row seeding
6sds/ft, for a final 6” avg plant spacing, 24” row spacing.
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Harvest
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Flavor is
sweetest when harvested just before the ground freezes or at least after two
hard frosts. Turnip tops can be eaten as greens.
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Storage
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Unwashed
roots can store for several weeks at 32°F at a high relative humidity as
close to 95% as possible. With good air circulation, topped roots can be
stored four to five months.
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Pest Info
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- Cabbage looper, imported
cabbage worm, and diamondback moth, are of the Lepidoptera order and can
be controlled by Bacillus thuringiensis (such as Dipel DF) and/or
spinosad, preferentially in rotation with one another to prevent
selection of resistant individuals.
- Cabbage root maggots feed on
roots, resulting in stunting and wilting of plants. Use floating
row cover to protect young plants. There are also beneficial nematodes
available.
- Flea beetles make small holes in the
leaves and are most damaging to growth when plants are young. .
Floating row cover may be used to ward them off.
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Disease Info
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- Black rot, caused by the
bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, is one of the most
destructive diseases of all crucifer crops. Symptoms first appear as
V-shaped yellow lesions at the leaf margin, after which the veins of
infected leaves, stems, and roots turn black. Infected plants should be
pulled up as soon as noticed, and plantings should never be worked
during wet conditions.
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Seed Saving Instructions
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Insect
pollenated bienniel. Different varieties must be separated by 1/4 mile. This
distance can be lessened if there are barriers such as woods or buildings.
Store turnips or rutabagas over the winter in a cold area with high humidity
or leave outside in areas with mild winters. In the spring, transplant the
entire root to its original depth, 8"-12" apart in rows
18"-36" apart. They will grow in height and then flower. Staking
may be required. Seeds are mature when pods are dry. Harvest individual pods
or entire stalks. Harvest into bags as seed can be lost due to shattering. Or
harvest onto a tarp in the morning when plants are still wet with dew. Use a
1/8" screen to help with cleaning.
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