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Organic Summer Squash Seeds::Organic Specialty Squash::Dark Green Scallopini F1 Summer Squash
Organic Summer Squash - Growing and Seed Saving InfoPrintable version on this page
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Types of Summer Squash
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Summer
squashes (Cucurbita pepo) are
warm-season annuals in the Cucurbitiacea
family, which includes cucumbers, melons, winter squash, and gourds. Commonly
grown types include:
- Zucchini
- Crookneck
- Specialty types can be
scalloped, round or pale green.
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Soil and
Nutrient Requirements
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Plants
need loose, fertile, well drained soil with plenty of nitrogen and a pH
5.8-6.8. Fertilize seedlings with fish emulsion if leaves yellow.
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Position
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Full Sun
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Seeding Depth
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½-1”
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Seeding Rate
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Direct
seeding: 2-3 seeds every 12-24", thin to 1 plant
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Plant Spacing
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12-24”
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Row Spacing
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5-6'.
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When to Sow
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Days to
maturity are from direct seeding, subtract 2 weeks if transplanting. Direct
seed as soon as chance of all frost has passed or start transplants 3-4 weeks
before planting date. Optimum soil temperature for germination is about 85ºF
and little or no germination occurs below 60ºF. Harden off plants by reducing
temperature, water, and fertilizer. Many growers plant multiple successions
of summer squash during a season to ensure continuous harvest, transplanting
the first succession immediately after frost-free day and the final
succession three months before the expected first frost.
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Other Considerations
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Black
plastic mulch and floating row cover can be used to increase soil and air
temperature, as well as ward off cucumber beetles which feast on young
seedlings and also spread disease.
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Frost Tolerant
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No.
Plants will die.
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Drought Tolerant
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Uneven
moisture causes misshapen fruit.
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Heat Tolerant
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Yes.
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Seed Specs
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Zucchini-
155-260 seeds/oz. (185 avg), 2,500-4,200 (3,000 avg) seeds/lb; Summer Squash-
262-375 seeds/oz (280 avg), 4,200-6,000 (4,500 avg) seeds/lb; Scallopini-
262-355 seeds/oz (300 avg), 4,200-5,700 (4,800 avg) seeds/lb;
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Seeding Rate
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Zucchini-
12,000 seeds/acre (4 lbs), using 2 seeds every 18”, 5’ centers. Summer
Squash- 12,000 seeds/acre (2.7 lbs), using 2 seeds every 18”, 5’ centers.
Scallopini- 12,000 seeds/acre (2.5 lbs), using 2 seeds every 18”, 5’ centers.
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Harvest
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Best
quality fruit are harvested at 5 – 8” or smaller, while skin is soft and
somewhat glossy. Harvest fruits every other day to for best size and
quality and to maintain plants’ productivity.
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Storage
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Fruits
are very perishable, but will store 3 to 4 days at 35 - 40ºF and 90% relative
humidity.
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Pest Info
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- Striped Cucumber beetle
feeding can damage young leaves so extensively that plants either die or
are stunted in growth. Dipping or spraying seedlings with kaolin clay
can significantly deter infestations. Combine clay with insecticidal
soap (such as Safer Brand™, see Supplies) or neem (such as Ahimsa Neem
Oil). Use of a trap crop preferred by cucumber beetles, such as blue
hubbard squash, lures beetles away from main crop. Crop rotation,
removal of crop debris to discourage overwintering populations, and use
of floating row cover can be effective in controlling cucumber beetles.
- Squash vine borer will cause
plants to look wilted even when moisture is plentiful. Slice open stem
and remove and destroy.
- Squash bugs can be controlled
by handpicking. Bury or compost plant residues at the end of the season.
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Disease Info
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- Powdery mildew can be checked
by providing good air circulation. Give plants wide spacing and
eliminate weeds, especially milkweed, marshcress and yellowrocket.
Choose resistant varieties.
- Fruit rots such as
anthracnose, scab, and fusarium fruit rot are common under wet
conditions. Space plants apart, avoid wetting foliage and water early in
the day so that leaves can dry.
- Fusarium Wilt is caused by
the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.
sp. Melonis (Fom), and can be seed and/or soil borne.
- Bacterial Wilt and Cucumber
mosaic virus should be controlled by removing and destroying infected
plants.
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Seed Saving
Instructions
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Insect pollinated. Take caution unless you are hand
pollinating, as many summer squash varieties are the same species as many
pumpkins and winter squashes. Different varieties of the same species need to
be isolated by 1/4 mile to prevent cross-pollination. Barriers such as tree lines,
woods or buildings existing between the fields can reduce this distance.
Treat summer squash the same as usually done for winter storage of squashes
and pumpkins, allowing summer squash varieties to grow to a large size with a
hard outside skin. After all squashes have reached this stage, harvest and
let them sit for a period of after-ripening for 3-6 weeks or up to several
months. Remove the seeds, rinse in water and dry. Use of a 1/2" and
1/4" screen can help with cleaning. Squash seeds remain viable for 6
years under cool and dry storage conditions.
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